Kyoto Prefecture (???, Ky?to-fu) is a prefecture of Japan in the Kansai region of the island of Honshu. The capital is the city of Kyoto.
Video Kyoto Prefecture
History
Until the Meiji Restoration, the area of Kyoto Prefecture was known as Yamashiro.
For most of its history, the city of Kyoto was Japan's Imperial capital. The city's history can be traced back as far as the 6th century. In 544, the Aoi Matsuri was held in Kyoto to pray for good harvest and good weather.
Kyoto did not start out as Japan's capital. A noteworthy earlier capital was Nara. In 741, Emperor Sh?mu moved the capital briefly to Kuni-kyo, between the cities of Nara and Kyoto, in present-day Kyoto Prefecture. In 784, the capital was moved to Nagaokaky?, also in present-day Kyoto Prefecture. In 794, Emperor Kanmu moved the capital to Heian-kyo, and this was the beginning of the current-day city of Kyoto. Even today, almost all of the streets, houses, stores, temples and shrines in Kyoto exist where they were placed in this year.
Although in 1192 real political power shifted to Kamakura, where a samurai clan established the shogunate, Kyoto remained the imperial capital as the powerless emperors and their court continued to be seated in the city. Imperial rule was briefly restored in 1333, but another samurai clan established a new shogunate in Kyoto three years later.
In 1467, a great civil war, the ?nin War, took place inside Kyoto, and most of the town was burned down. Japan plunged into the age of warring feudal lords. A new strong man, Tokugawa Ieyasu, established the shogunate at Edo (today's Tokyo) in 1603.
In the 15th century AD, tea-jars were brought by the sh?guns to Uji in Kyoto from the Philippines which was used in the Japanese tea ceremony.
The Meiji Restoration returned Japan to imperial rule in 1868. Emperor Meiji, who was now the absolute sovereign, went to stay in Tokyo during the next year. The imperial court has not returned to Kyoto since then. During the instigation of Fuhanken Sanchisei in 1868, the prefecture received its suffix fu. The subsequent reorganization of the old provincial system merged the former Tango Province, Yamashiro Province and the eastern part of Tanba Province into today's Kyoto Prefecture.
Although many Japanese major cities were heavily bombed by U.S. bombers during World War II, the old capital escaped such devastating bombing. During the occupation, the U.S. Sixth Army was headquartered in Kyoto.
Maps Kyoto Prefecture
Geography
Kyoto Prefecture is almost in the center of Honshu and of Japan. It covers an area of 4,612.19 square kilometres (1,780.78 sq mi), which is 1.2% of Japan. Kyoto is 31st by size. To the north, it faces the Sea of Japan and Fukui Prefecture. To the south, it faces Osaka and Nara Prefectures. To the east, it faces Mie and Shiga Prefectures. To its west is Hy?go Prefecture. The prefecture is separated in the middle by the Tanba Mountains. This makes its climate very different in the north and south.
As of 15 April 2016, 21% of the prefecture's land area was designated as Natural Parks, namely Sanin Kaigan National Park; Biwako, Kyoto Tamba Kogen, Tango-Amanohashidate-?eyama and Wakasa Wan Quasi-National Parks; and Hozuky?, Kasagiyama, and Rurikei Prefectural Natural Parks.
Cities
Fifteen cities are located in Kyoto Prefecture:
Towns and villages
These are the towns and villages in each district:
Mergers
Economy
The city of Kyoto is famous for tourism. Northern Kyoto on the Tango Peninsula has fishing and water transportation, and midland Kyoto has agriculture and forestry. Japan's largest vertical farm is located in the prefectuture.
In 2017, four Nikkei 225 companies were located in Kyoto prefecture: Takara Holdings, GS Yuasa, Kyocera, SCREEN Holdings. Murata Manufacturing, Nidec, Mitsubishi Logisnext, Maxell, Nintendo, and Kyoto Animation are based in the prefecture.
As of October 2017, the minimum wage in the prefecture was ¥856 per hour.
Culture
Kyoto has been, and still remains, Japan's cultural center. For over 1000 years it was Japan's capital. When the capital was changed to Tokyo, Kyoto remained Japan's cultural capital. See Culture of Japan.
Education
Universities
Sports
The sports teams listed below are based in Kyoto.
Football (soccer)
- Kyoto Sanga F.C. (J2 League)
- Amitie SC Kyoto (Kansai Soccer League)
- Bunnys Kyoto SC (Japan Women's Football League)
Basketball
- Kyoto Hannaryz (B.League)
Baseball
- Kyoto Flora (Japan Women's Baseball League)
Rugby
- Mitsubishi Motors Kyoto Red Evoluitions (Top West)
Transportation
Rail
- JR Central
- T?kaido Shinkansen--Ky?to Station
- JR West
- Kyoto Line
- Biwako Line
- Kosei Line
- Nara Line
- Kansai Line (Kizu-Kamo)
- Sagano Line
- Sanin Line
- Fukuchiyama Line
- Maizuru Line
- Obama Line
- Keihan
- Keihan Line
- Uji Line
- Keishin Line
- Outou Line
- Hankyu
- Kyoto Line
- Arashiyama Line
- Kintetsu
- Kyoto Line
- Kyoto Municipal Subway
- Karasuma Line
- T?zai Line
- Sagano Scenic Railway (Arashiyama-Kameoka)
- Kyoto Tango Railway
- Miyafuku Line
- Miyamai Line
- Miyatoyo Line
City Tram
- Randen
- Arashiyama Line
- Kitano Line
- Eiden
- Eizan Line
- Kurama Line
Ports
- Maizuru Port - Mainly international container terminal and ferry route to Hokkaido (Otaru and Tomakomai).
Road
Expressways
National highways
Tourism
The city of Kyoto is one of the most popular tourist spots in Japan, and many people from far and wide visit there. Along with Tokyo, Kyoto is a favorite location for the graduation trip of Junior High and High schools.
Some of the festivals held in Kyoto are Aoi Matsuri from 544, Gion Matsuri from 869, Ine Matsuri from the Edo-era, Daimonji Gozan Okuribi from 1662, and Jidai Matsuri from 1895. Every shrine and temple holds some sort of event, and many of them are open for public viewing.
Defense facilities
On August 1, 2013, prefectural and municipal authorities gave consent for a USFJ missile monitoring station to be set up in the city of Ky?tango. It will be co-located with a JASDF facility already based in the city. At least initially, its primary sensor will be a mobile X-band radar used to gather data on ballistic missile launches which will then be relayed by the station to warships equipped with Aegis air defense systems and to ground-based interceptor missile sites. A hundred and sixty personnel will be based at the station.
Politics
The current governor of Kyoto is former Home Affairs Ministry bureaucrat Keiji Yamada. He has been reelected to a fourth term in April 2014 with support from the major non-Communist parties against only one JCP-supported challenger.
The prefectural assembly has 60 members from 25 electoral districts and is still elected in unified local elections (last round: 2011). As of September 2013, it was composed as follows: Liberal Democratic Party 25, Democratic Party 14, Japanese Communist Party 11, K?meit? 5, Ky?to s?sei forum 1, Japan Restoration Party 1.
Kyoto's delegation to the National Diet consists of six members of the House of Representatives and four members (two per election) of the House of Councillors. After the national elections of 2010, 2012 and 2013, the prefecture is represented by four Liberal Democrats and two Democrats in the lower house, and two Liberal Democrats, one Democrat and one Communist in the upper house.
Prefectural symbols
The prefectural flower of Kyoto is the weeping cherry. The Kitayama Sugi is the official tree, and the streaked shearwater the bird that symbolizes the prefecture.
Sister areas
Kyoto Prefecture has sister relationships with these places:
- Shaanxi Province, China
- Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia
- Oklahoma, United States
- Leningrad Oblast, Russia
- Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Occitanie, France
- Quebec, Canada
These relationships are distinct from those of cities in Kyoto Prefecture with other cities.
Notes
References
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
External links
- Official Kyoto Prefecture website
- Kyoto Prefectural International Center
- Kyoto Prefecture Tourism Guide
- Kyoto Visitors Guide
- Kyoto Prefecture travel guide from Wikivoyage
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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