Multiplexed point-of-care testing (xPOCT) is the simultaneous on-site quantification of various analytes from a single sample (e.g., blood, plasma or urine). Derived from emerging applications in resource-limited settings, (e.g., in the developing countries, in doctor's practices, or at home) xPOCT has recently become more important for in vitro diagnostics.
Video Multiplexed point-of-care testing
Requirements
xPOCT devices has to completely fulfill the following demands:
- Low sample consumption (e.g., blood from a finger prick) or the ability to measure in noninvasive samples (e.g., saliva, urine or exhaled breath condensate)
- Fast sample-to-result times enabling an immediate treatment
- Long shelf life with extended reagent storage
- Comparable test results with central laboratory findings ensuring international quality standards (ISO 15189)
- Automatic or facile system operation with minimized user intervention
- Cheap and portable readout systems (e.g., handheld readers) along with disposable test strips or cartridges fulfilling the in vitro diagnostics guideline (EU Directives or FDA regulations).
Especially for the resource-poor settings, equipment-free or smartphone-based devices are very advantageous. Besides, an ideal xPOCT device should be capable of testing various kinds of substances, including proteins, drugs, RNAs and cells, at the same time.
Maps Multiplexed point-of-care testing
Current multiplexing technologies
Nowadays, multianalyte detection is mostly achieved through three different approaches:
- Regional separation employing distinct sections of a channel network or array of electrodes
- Spatial separation of detection sites with the help of various wells or spots
- Application of multiple labels such as enzymes, redox molecules, beads, and dyes
For the signal readout, optical and electrochemical detection methods are mainly employed.
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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